煩惱即菩提 is the non-dual identity afflictions are awakening. Blyth prints “illusion is salvation,” which leaves the band twice over and reframes a Buddhist identity as a Christian rescue: 煩惱 becomes “illusion,” 菩提 becomes “salvation.”

The confrontation

R. H. Blyth

An ordinary man is a Buddha; illusion is salvation.

Zen and Zen Classics, Volume 1: From the Upanishads to Huineng, Hokuseido Press, Tokyo, 1960, p. 116

The canonical source

凡夫即佛,煩惱即菩提

The ordinary man is the Buddha; the afflictions are awakening.

the Platform Sutra, Huineng · ReadZen · T48n2008 0350b28

煩惱 afflictions / troubles is exactly / are none other than 菩提 awakening (bodhi)

The dictionary's band

Attested band verbatim from the dictionary entry 煩惱即菩提

  • afflictions are awakening
  • troubles are awakening

Entry Explanation (verbatim)

The equation of afflictions with awakening is explained through knowing and sharply restricted: Dahui rejects merely saying it before the matter has been penetrated.

Blyth knew better

Corroboration: the paired clause is rendered squarely

The two clauses are built the same way, 凡夫即佛 and 煩惱即菩提, and Blyth renders the first one straight, “An ordinary man is a Buddha.” Having carried 即 as a plain identity there, he recasts it in the second clause, so the recast is a choice, not a limit of his English. The recon records the same Christianizing register recurring in the neighbouring gatha, where “(of Salvation)” is imported onto 果, the fruit.

The literal reading

煩惱即菩提 is one of the tradition's sharpest non-dual identities: 煩惱, the afflictions, are 菩提, awakening, not a means to it and not their opposite. The 即 is the hinge, is exactly, are none other than. The dictionary attests the phrase as afflictions are awakening, and its Explanation adds the discipline the Chan records put on it: the identity is not to be recited before it has been penetrated. Both nouns are ordinary Buddhist vocabulary with plain English.

The alteration

Blyth keeps the grammar of identity and changes both its terms. 煩惱, the afflictions, becomes “illusion,” a narrower and more mental thing than the passions and troubles the word carries; 菩提, awakening, becomes “salvation,” a word from another religion's economy of sin and rescue. The sentence that said the afflictions themselves are awakening now says illusion is the road to being saved, a before-and-after deliverance where the Chinese asserts a present identity. The Buddhist claim that there is nowhere else to go becomes the Christian promise of somewhere to be taken. Neither “illusion” nor “salvation” is in the band, and the pairing tilts the line toward the Beatitudes.